2000年10月全国高等教育自考考试英语（二）试题

本试题分两部分。第一部分选择题，1页至6页，第二部分为非选择题，7页至8页，共8页；选择题50分，选择题50分，满分100分。]

　　[考试时间150分钟。全部题目用英文作答（英文翻译题除外），并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不记分。]

　　PARTONE

　　Ⅰ。VocabularyandStructure（10points，1pointforeach）

　　从下列各句四个选项中选出一个答案，并在答案纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　1.Shewasmore____________thanfrightened.

　　A、surprising

　　B、interested

　　C、hated

　　D、surprised

　　2.Theattentionofthepublicwascontinually____________tonew

　　possibilitiesinscientificfieldsandthediscoveryofnewknowledge.

　　A、applied

　　B、drawn

　　C、referred

　　D、thrown

　　3.Few，____________any，livetheirliveswithoutsomedegreeofunhappiness

　　andsuffering.

　　A、like

　　B、except

　　C、if

　　D、when

　　4.Manywomenaretooconcerned____________stayingthinandtheybelieve

　　thatvitaminsaresomekindofmagiccuretoreplacefood.

　　A、of

　　B、by

　　C、with

　　D、on

　　5.Ineducation，thereshouldbeagoodbalanceamongthebranchesof

　　knowledgethatcontribute____________effectivethinkingandwisejudgment.

　　A、at

　　B、in

　　C、for

　　D、to

　　6.____________thenumbersinemployment，thehotelindustrywasthesecond

　　largestindustryinthiscountrylastyear.

　　A、Inlinewith

　　B、Intermsof

　　C、Inaccordancewith

　　D、Inproportionto

　　7.AirtravelissoquicknowadaysthatwecanleaveLondonafterbreakfast

　　andarriveinNewYork____________eighthours.

　　A、in

　　B、for

　　C、after

　　D、until

　　8.Itisalsotruethattheeffectofadrugismuch____________upon

　　youngstersthanadults.

　　A、bigger

　　B、fewer

　　C、greater

　　D、little

　　9.Becausethereading____________inmostcollegecoursesareveryheavy，

　　studentsshouldplantoreadeveryday.

　　A、assignments

　　B、schedules

　　C、activities

　　D、programs

　　10.Forlong-timeefficiencyandhappinessitisbesttoobservethe

　　____________ofhealthandsoundworkingconditions.

　　A、principles

　　B、ideas

　　C、elements

　　D、factors

　　Ⅱ。ClozeTest（10points，1pointforeach）

　　下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母的字母涂黑。

　　AlthoughAmericaninformality（不拘礼节）iswellknown，manynewvisitors

　　thinkthatitindicatesa“lackofrespect.”Thisisespeciallytrueinthe

　　businessworld.Americansoftenusefirstnames11meetingastrangeranddo

　　notalwaysshakehands.Theyoftenjustsmileandsay“Hi”or“Hello，”12

　　thanusingamoreformalhandshake.Itisgoodtorememberthattoan

　　Americansuchaninformalgreetingreallymeansthe13thingasamore

　　formalhandshakesomeplaceelse.14，Americansdonotusuallygivea

　　special“farewell”orhandshaketoeachpersonwhentheyleaveapartyor

　　businessmeeting.Theywilloftenjustwavegood-byetothewholegroupor

　　perhapssay，“Well，solongeverybody，Illseeyoutomorrow.”Theythen

　　willleave.15handshakes.Americansseem16totallyhurriedandhard

　　workingortotallyinformalandatease.Oftenyouwillseemenworkingat

　　officedesks17theirsuitcoatsandties.Theymayleanfarbackintheir

　　chairsandevenputtheirfeetuponthedesk18theytalkonthetelephone.

　　Thisisnotmeanttoberude.AvisitortotheUnitedStatesshould

　　thereforeunderstandthatbeinginagreat19doesnotindicate

　　unfriendlinessandbeinginformalandateasedoesnotshowalackof

　　respect.Americanshaveagreatrangeofcustomsandhabitsthatat

　　firstmayseempuzzlingtoavisitor.In20youwilllearnthesenewways.

　　11.

　　A、upon

　　B、for

　　C、as

　　D、at

　　12.

　　A、more

　　B、better

　　C、rather

　　D、other

　　13.

　　A、such

　　B、some

　　C、same

　　D、whole

　　14.

　　A、Similarly

　　B、However

　　C、Therefore

　　D、Especially

　　15.

　　A、Some

　　B、Then

　　C、So

　　D、No

　　16.

　　A、both

　　B、all

　　C、either

　　D、neither

　　17.

　　A、with

　　B、without

　　C、in

　　D、on

　　18.

　　A、while

　　B、where

　　C、which

　　D、because

　　19.

　　A、worry

　　B、trouble

　　C、pride

　　D、hurry

　　20.

　　A、time

　　B、case

　　C、turn

　　D、vain

　　Ⅲ。ReadingComprehension（30points，2pointsforeach）

　　从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　PassageOne

　　Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Theeconomiccostsofnoisetosocietyareseveral.Airportsarecurrently

　　operatingatlessthancapacitybecauseofnoiseregulationswhichrestrict

　　theirhoursofoperation.Forinstance，atWashingtonsNationalAirportno

　　jettrafficisallowedfrom11pmto7am.Otherairportsrestricttheuse

　　ofcertainrunways.Oneestimateisthatnoiserestrictionsreducepossible

　　airportuseby20percent.Theprofitablecargotradeisespeciallyaffected

　　bynightrestrictions.

　　Inthecaseofairports，jetenginesmaybemodifiedtoreducetheirnoise

　　level，orinsulation（隔音）fromairtrafficnoisemaybeprovidedbythe

　　purchaseoflandaroundairportsortheinsulationofbuildings.One

　　estimateisthat$5.7billionwouldberequiredtoequipallexistingjet

　　engineswithnoisecontroldevices.However，consideringthecurrentstate

　　oftheart，eventakingthisstepwillnotreducenoiselevelsatallpoints

　　toacceptablevalues.Somecombinationofmethodsisprobablynecessary.

　　Ifallaircraftweremadequieterbyexistingmethods，therewouldbea

　　numberofeconomicbenefits.Anincreaseinairportcapacitywouldoccur.

　　Propertyvaluesnearairportsmightrise.Transportationcoststoandfrom

　　airportscouldbereducedsincetheairportsnowcouldbelocatedcloserto

　　populationcenters.

　　Muchresearchstillneedstobedoneontheeconomicaspectsofnoise

　　reductionandnoiseeffects.Althoughsomeoftheeffectsofnoisepollution

　　areknown，moremustbediscoveredaboutitseffectsonhealth，productivity，

　　propertyvaluesandthequalityoflife.Furthermore，thecostofnoise

　　pollutioncontroltotheeconomyasawholeneedstobeinvestigated.

　　Thepublicmustbealertedtothedangersandeconomiccostsofnoise

　　pollutionsothatpeoplemaymakeintelligentchoicesandexertappropriate

　　pressures.

　　21.ThereisnojettrafficatWashingtonsNationalAirportfrom11pmto7

　　ambecause____________.

　　A、itisextremelydangeroustoflyinthedark

　　B、noiseregulationsrestrictthehoursofairportoperation

　　C、someofitsrunwaysarenotingoodcondition

　　D、cargoplanesproducedisturbingnoises

　　22.“Thecurrentstateoftheart”（inPara.2）means____________.

　　A、adevelopedsenseofbeauty

　　B、thevolumeofpresent-daytraffic

　　C、themostrecentlydevelopedtechnology

　　D、insulationofairtrafficnoise

　　23.Noisereductioncouldleadto____________.

　　A、increasedairportcapacity

　　B、lowerpropertyvalues

　　C、effectivemodificationofexistingjetengines

　　D、moretransportationcoststoandfromairports

　　24.WhatisNOTmentionedinthepassage

　　A、Psychologicalstrain.

　　B、Handlingcapacityofcargo.

　　C、Measuresfornoisereduction.

　　D、Publicpressures.

　　25.Theauthorofthepassageisconcernedprimarilywith____________.

　　A、theeffectsofnoiseonthequalityoflife

　　B、theroleofairtrafficrestrictions

　　C、theproductionofquieterengines

　　D、theeconomicaspectsofnoisereduction

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Duringastateofdeeprelaxation，severalphysiologicalchangestakeplace

　　inthebody：thebodysoxygenconsumptionisreduced；theheartbeat

　　decreases；muscletensionandsweatingease，andthereisdecreased

　　sympathetic（交感的）nervoussystemactivity.Thisrestfulstatenotonly

　　allowsthebodytorepairandrestoreitself，butithasacalmingeffecton

　　theconsciousness.

　　Howtoachievethisstateofrelaxation，however，isamatterofopinion，

　　andinsomemedicalcircles，amatterofcontroversy（争论）。Arecentreport

　　byDr.DavidHolmesoftheUniversityofKansasinthejournal“American

　　Psychologist“saidthatsimplysittinginanarmchairhasjustasmany

　　beneficialcharacteristicsforthebodyasmeditation（冥想）does.

　　Researchersofotherrelaxationtechniquesdisagree.Theseexpertsbelieve

　　thatmorestructuredtechniques，suchasmeditation，leadtoacondition

　　ofdeeprelaxation.

　　Thedebategoeson，butonethingappearstobeclear：therelaxation

　　responsecanbereachedbyanumberofmethods，andthemethodsthemselves

　　arenotasimportantasgettingthere.Oneday，onemethodmayworkbest；on

　　anotherday，analternativemethodmaybemoreappropriate.Onceyouare

　　awareofallthemethods，youcanfindtheonethatworksbestforyou.

　　Someoftherelaxationtechniquesaremeditation，autoanalysis（自我心理分析）

　　andprogressivemusclerelaxation.Althoughthesetechniquesmaynot，inthe

　　end，producemoreofarelaxationresponsethanjustsittingquietlyina

　　chair，theyhavetheaddedbenefitofstructureanddiscipline，andfor

　　thesereasonsappeartobemoreeffectiveformostindividuals.

　　26.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue

　　whenapersonisinastateofdeeprelaxation

　　A、Thebodytakesinlessoxygen.

　　B、Theheartbeatslessfrequently.

　　C、Musclesbecometenseandthebodysweatseasily.

　　D、Theconsciousnessbecomesmoreorlesscalmed.

　　27.Peopleseemtoagreethat____________.

　　A、sittinginanarmchairbenefitsapersonasmeditationdoes

　　B、structuredrelaxationtechniquesaremorebeneficialforaperson

　　C、toachieveastateofdeeprelaxationispossiblethroughvariousmeans

　　D、whatpeopleareallstrugglingforisastateofdeeprelaxation

　　28.Inthethirdparagraph，thephrase“gettingthere”means____________.

　　A、arrivingatonesdestination

　　B、gettingwhatonewantsmost

　　C、findingoutasuitablerelaxationtechnique

　　D、reachingastateofdeeprelaxation

　　29.Asfarrelaxationisconcerned，theauthorindicatesthat____________.

　　A、aimsaremoreimportantthanmeans

　　B、meansaremoreimportantthanaims

　　C、moreandmorepeopleareinterestedinrelaxationtechniques

　　D、somerelaxationtechniquesarebetterthanothers

　　30.Theauthorsattitudetowardrelaxationdiscussedinthepassageisbest

　　describedas____________.

　　A、subjective

　　B、objective

　　C、optimistic

　　D、critical

　　PassageThree

　　Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Peopleseldomfeelneutralaboutpoetry（诗）。Thosewholoveitsometimes

　　givetheimpressionthatitisanadequatesubstituteforfood，shelter，and

　　love.Itisnt.Words，nomatterhowsatisfying，areneveranequivalentfor

　　lifeitselfanditshumanexperiences.Thosewhodislikepoetryonprinciple

　　sometimesclaim，ontheotherhand，thatpoetryisonlywordsandgoodfor

　　nothing.Thatsnottrueeither.Itiseasytobecomefrustratedbywords-in

　　poetryorinlife-butwhenwordsrepresentandrecreategenuinehuman

　　feelings，astheyoftendoinpoetry，theycanbeveryimportant.Poetryis，

　　infact，morethanjustwords.Itisanexperienceofwords，andthosewho

　　knowhowtoreadpoetrycaneasilyextendtheirexperienceoflife，their

　　senseofwhatotherpeoplearelike，theirawarenessofthemselves，and

　　theirrangeofhumanfeelings.

　　Onereasonpoetrycanbesoimportantisthatitissocloselyconcerned

　　withfeelings.Poetryisoftenfullofideas，too，andsometimespoemscan

　　bepowerfulexperiencesofthemind，butmostpoemsareprimarilyabouthow

　　peoplefeelratherthanhowpeoplethink.Poemsprovide，infact，alanguage

　　forfeeling，andoneofpoetrysmostinsistentmeritsinvolvesitsattempt

　　toexpresstheinexpressible.Howcananyone，forexample，putintowords

　　whatitmeanstobeinloveorwhatitfeelsliketolosesomeoneonecares

　　aboutPoetrytries，anditoftencapturesexactlytheshadeofemotionthat

　　feelsjustrighttoareader.Nosinglepoemcanbesaidtoexpressallthe

　　thingsthatloveordeathfeelslike，ormeans，butoneofthejoysof

　　experiencingpoetryoccurswhenwereadapoemandwanttosay，“Yes，that

　　isjustwhatitislike；IknowexactlywhatthatlinemeansbutIvenever

　　beenabletoexpressitsowell.“Poetrycanbethevoiceofourfeelings

　　evenwhenourmindsarespeechlesswithgrieforjoy.

　　31.“Peopleseldomfeelneutralaboutpoetry”（inPara.1）inthiscontext

　　meansthat____________.

　　A、fewpeoplethinkthatpoetryisneutral

　　B、peoplealwaysdifferintheirviewsaboutpoetry

　　C、peoplerarelytakeabiasedopinionaboutpoetry

　　D、peoplegenerallythinkofpoetryasextremelyimportantortotally

　　useless

　　32.Theauthorsuggeststhat____________.

　　A、poetrytendstomakethereaderdisappointed

　　B、poetrymakesitsreaderssentimental

　　C、poetryismoreimportantthanwords

　　D、poetryoftencapturesrealhumanfeelings

　　33.Accordingtotheauthor，poetry____________.

　　A、ismorethanjustwords

　　B、isthepoetsfeelingsaboutwords

　　C、isanythingbutpatternsoflines

　　D、isanexperimentontheuseofwords

　　34.Poetrytries，persistently，toexpress____________.

　　A、whatloveanddeathmean

　　B、whatpeoplethinkaboutthemselves

　　C、whatpeoplefeelbutfindithardtodescribe

　　D、howpeoplegothroughlife

　　35.Thispassageismainlyabout____________.

　　A、thestructureofpoetry

　　B、thecomponentsofpoetry

　　C、thenatureandimportanceofpoetry

　　D、theappreciationofpoetry

　　PARTTWO

　　Ⅳ。WordSpelling（10points，1pointfortwowords）

　　将下列汉语单调成英语并写在答题纸上。每个词的词类和第一个字母已在答题纸上给出。首字母后的每条短线上只写一个字母。

　　36.护照

　　37.目标

　　38.邮费

　　39.海洋

　　40.削弱

　　41.月亮的

　　42.检查，视察

　　43.集体宿舍

　　44.债务

　　45.基本的

　　46.内容

　　47.熟悉的

　　48.慷慨的

　　49.邀请

　　50.发明者

　　51.菜单

　　52.明显的

　　53.不论如何，不顾

　　54.智慧

　　55.女主人

　　Ⅴ。WordForm（10point，1pointforeach）

　　将括号中的各词变为适当形式填入空白。答案写在答题花。

　　56.Amancannotbereallyhappyifwhatheenjoys____________（do）is ignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorimportance.

　　57.Someproverbs____________（be）inthelanguagefor1，000years，for example，Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

　　58.Anyone____________（want）tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewill havetoknowaboutrobotics.

　　59.Thenationsthat____________actively____________（involve）in earthquakepredictionprogramsincludeJapan，China，Russia，andtheUnited States.

　　60.Itisawell-knowfactthatapersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannot usehiseyes____________（control）hisdirection.

　　61.In1991，aftertheGulfWar，Bushsapprovalratingreached91percent，thehighestlevelrecordedsincepolling____________（begin）inthe1930s.

　　62.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvanced，thenumberofanimals ____________（use）inexperimentsmaydecrease.

　　63.Seeingviolenceontelevisionorreadingaboutitinthenewspapersevery day____________（make）ustoleratecrimemorethanweshould.

　　64.The____________（far）awaywegetfromtheearth，thethinnertheair becomes.

　　65.Theydemandedthattherighttovote____________（give）toeveryadult person.

　　Ⅵ。TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish（15points，3pointsforeach）

　　将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　66.快速旅行对人体的影响比我们意识到的要大得多。

　　67.一个社会的人口增长率越接近零，其人口便越老龄化。

　　68.据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。

　　69.机器人将要在哪些领域替代人的工作呢

　　70.几年前被认为不可能实施的手术现在医院都能做。

　　Ⅶ。TranslationformEnglishintoChinese（15points）

　　将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　Ifyouonlyneedtotravelashortdistance，quickestwaytotravelinmost citiesisonfoot.Duringworkinghoursthetrafficisveryheavyonmost citystreets，sometimescomingtoacompletestopinplaces.Asaresult，manypeopleprefertowalk.Youshouldthereforebeawareofsomeofthe trafficlaws.Itisagainstthelawinmanycitiestocrossthestreet atanyplaceexceptatthecorner.Youshouldnotcrossthestreetunless thereisagreentrafficlightfacinginthedirectionyouplantocross.In smalltowns，theserulesmaynotbefollowedasclosely，becausethetraffic isusuallynotsoheavy.

　　However，thepurposeofthelawsistoprovideforthesafetyandprotection ofthepeople.Obeyingtrafficsignalsisespeciallyimportantifyoucome fromaleft-handdrivecountry.Remembertolookbothwaysforautomobiles whenyoucrossthestreet.