怎样使句子简练利落

不是所有的长句都是罗唆的，也不是凡是短的句子都是洗练的。我们要尽量运用简练的句子；我们也要尽量把没有增添语意的词语去掉，并且将冗长句子节缩，使之简练利落。我们可以从四方面着手：

　　一、消除多余的词语

　　每句话里的词藻或用语，如果对语意起不了作用就不要铺张，要给以铲除，因此（1）a-（7）a都嫌唠叨，要由 （1）b-（7）b 来取代：

　　（1） a. At this point of time → b. Now

　　（2） a. Bring all this to a conclusion. → b. Concluding this.

　　（3） a. Has a tendency to drop →b. Can drop easily.

　　（4） a. On account of the fact that…… → b. As……/Since……

　　（5） a. Situated in the vicinity of…… → b. near……

　　（6） a. June was determined in her mind to ……→ b. June was determined to ./June decided to ……

　　（7） a. Here comes David， a person whom I idolize and for whom I have the greatest admiration. →b. Here comes David， a person I idolize./Here comes my idol， David.

　　二、避免不必要的重复

　　重复重要的字眼是种修辞手段，但是不必要或无目的的重复，却使句子累赘不自然，因此（8）a-（12）a要改为（8）b-（12）b：

　　（8） a. Close proximity →b. Proximity

　　（9） a. Cooperate together →b. Cooperate/work together

　　（10）a. Most unique →b. unique

　　（11）a. The patient in Ward 2 is a mentally ill man. →b. The patient in Ward 2 is mentally ill.

　　（12）a. A good teacher helps each student to become a better student， both academically and mentally. →b. A good teacher helps each student to grow. /develop academically and mentally

　　三、简化句子结构

　　句子结构务必明确易解，如果出现不必要的迂回状况，便要纠正加以简化，而且尽量采用恰当的动词，臻达这目的；因此（13）a-（14）a要改为（13）b-（14）b：

　　（13） a. Rarely should a doctor give a patient an estimate of how many months or years he or she will live. →b. Rarely should a doctor estimate/predict how long a patient will live.

　　（14） a. The manager is responsible for monitoring and balancing the annual budget for all expenses. →b. The manager monitors and balances the annual budget.

　　四、将从句节缩为短语、短语简化为单词

　　英语从句和短语，特别是修饰性质者，可以简而略之，但语意不变，如（15）a和（16）a都可节缩为（15）b和（16）b：

　　（15）a. The oral approach， which is a method of language teaching， is effective for teaching oral communication. →b. The oral approach， a method of language teaching， is effective for teaching oral communication.

　　（16）a. Janet's jacket， made of cotton， is too warm for hot weather here. →b. Janet's cotton jacket， is too warm for hot weather.