Basic MLA citation style
The basic MLA citation style consists of a brief in-text citation keyed to a reference in an alphabetical list of works included at the end of the paper. A complete citation thus has two parts: (1) an in-text citation in the body of the paper, and (2) a bibliographic reference in the list of works cited. The point is to improve readability by minimizing interruptions in the body of the paper.
(1) In-text citation
The novel opens evocatively, with a beginning that sounds almost like an ending: "So the beginning of this was a woman and she had come back from burying the dead" (Hurston 9).
(2) Reference in the list of works cited
Hurston, Zora Neale. Their Eyes Were Watching God (Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1978).
A pointer to the specific passage quoted, denoted usually by a page number, is included in the in-text citation, along with an identifier (generally the author's name) that points to a specific reference. The reference includes the full bibliographic information one would need to find the book in a library.
Let's look first at how in-text citations work, then at the list of works cited and its references, and then turn to detailed formats for citing and referencing different kinds of sources.
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