英语讲义【98】以IT为宾语的句型

上一期谈到IT可以取代不定式动词短语和动名词短语而成为句子的主语。神通广大的IT也可以代替它们成为句子中的宾语。所谓宾语（the object），就是出现在及物动词后头的名词，代词或名词性的语文成分。

　　作为宾语的IT，通常和下列动词连用：

　　consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等。例如：　
　　● We consider it our duty to support good leaders.
　　● I think it best to get along well with others.
　　● The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.
　　● Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long-standing debt.
　　● Susan deemed it advisable to keep the matter secret.
　　● We all feel it nice to be able to visit that distinguished university.
　　● Who can prove it wrong to have a "make-money-quick" mentality?

　　这些IT句型的不定式动词短语前头，也可套上“for”的片语，如：　
　　● Many Chinese here find it necessary for them to have a better command of Chinese.
　　● They thought it desirable for English to be accurately used.
　　● Such a plan makes it possible for older workers to be re-trained as useful staff.

　　当上述句子以被动语态出现时，更非借重IT的句型不可，如：　
　　● It can be made possible for the lost time to be recovered.
　　● It is considered disgraceful for a distinguished guest not to stay in a high-class hotel.

　　最后，IT也必须在这些惯用语中出现： 　
　　Take……in turns; leave……to; owe……to; take……upon oneself to，如：
　　● Can you do all together? I think you have to take it in turns.
　　● I will leave it to you to assign the duties to the staff.
　　● Paul owed it to Susan to explain the matter.
　　● How can John take it upon himself to do all the chores?

　　除了不定式动词短语之外，IT也可以代替动名词与动名词短语成为句子的宾语。例如：　
　　● I do not consider it worthwhile spending too much time on telephone conversation.
　　● She found it troublesome having to go through all the red tape.
　　● Peggie deemed it tedious writing two or three drafts for an English composition.
　　● We suppose it pointless talking to a boss blind to his own faults.
　　● Do you think it useful changing for the sake of changing?