PETS－2语法讲解(154)

We must keep him on a leash.
　　对话
　　Martha: I'm really enjoying this walk in the country and so is the dog.
　　Hank: Yes, he's running here, there and everywhere.
　　Martha: Oh look, there are sheep in the next field!
　　Hank: I'll grab him straight away and put him on the leash. Here boy!
　　Martha: Thank goodness you managed to catch him before he spotted the sheep and started chasing them.
　　Hank: Yes, we must keep him on leash from now on. Farmers around here are likely to shoot on sight any dogs they catch worrying their sheep.
　　玛尔莎：我真喜欢在乡间散步，狗儿也很喜欢。
　　汉克：没错，它来回四处跑。
　　玛尔莎：啊，看，前面那块农地有绵羊呢！
　　汉克：我得马上抓着狗儿，系上牵狗带。来这里，小伙子！
　　玛尔莎：幸好你在它看到绵羊之前抓着它，否则它会去追赶绵羊。
　　汉克：不错，由现在起，我们得牵着它。这里一带的农民，一见到狗儿骚扰绵羊，很可能会开枪射杀。
　　玛尔莎说：I'm really enjoying this walk in the country and so is the dog。Country除了指‘国家’，还常用来说‘乡间’。但指‘国家’的country，可冠以a、the、this等字，复数形式是countries；指‘乡间’的country，却没有复数形式，而且只能冠以the字，例如：They drove out to the country（他们开车到乡间）。英文还有countryside，和country一样解作‘乡间’，切勿望文生义，以为是说‘乡间边缘地区’之类。有时，为免读者误解为‘国家’，用countryside一字胜于用country，例如：They drove out to the countryside。
　　留意so is the dog这句式。‘So＋辅助动词(auxiliary verb)＋主词(subject)’，有‘也是如此’的意思，例如：(1) "I love dogs." "So do I."（‘我爱狗。’ ‘我也爱狗。’）(2) "I am tired." "So am I."（‘我倦了。’‘我也是。’）但 ‘So＋主词＋辅助动词’，却是说‘果然如此’，常带‘我最初没留意到’含义，例如："He is tired." "So he is!"（‘他很疲倦。’‘啊，他果然疲倦得很！’）上述两个句式切勿混淆。
　　最后说leash。这是牵狗用的绳索、皮带等，同义词是lead，常和on、off二字连用，例如：(1) Dogs must be kept on a leash/lead in the park（狗在公园里必须用绳牵着）。(2) I let the dog off the leash/lead（我解开拴着狗儿的皮带）。