英语写作：好的句子1

好的句子 I

　　1.完整

　　完整是好句子的第一要点。一个完整的句子表达单一的完整的思想，它不包含并不紧密相关的意思，也不表达本身不完整的思想。

　　Faulty: Du Fu was one of the greatest poets.

　　Revised: Du Fu was one of the greatest poets of the Tang Period.

　　第一句话有毛病，因为所表达的思想并不完整：时代和国家都没有提到。

　　加了the Tang Period句子的意思就清楚了：我们都知道唐是中国历的一个朝代。

　　2.连贯

　　连贯是指句子各部分之间清楚而合理的联系。句子中的词语和部分应恰当地衔接，它们之间的关系应十分清楚。不连贯的句子通常有以下几种毛病：平行结构有缺点，代词指代不清楚，修饰语和被修饰语的关系不明确，在人称、数、语态、时态或语气上有混乱之处。

　　Faulty: A man is judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds.

　　Revised: A man is judged not only by what he says but also by what he does.

　　A man is judged not only by his words but also by his deeds.

　　平行的意思用平行的结构来表达。此句中的what he says与his deeds在形式上不平行，所以应改动其中之一。

　　Faulty: To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.

　　Revised: To get ready for the trip, she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.

　　此句中有所谓的“悬垂”修饰语（To get…）。它与所要修饰的名词或代词没有结构上的联系。那个名词或代词有时甚至不在句中；即使在句中，也不应被现有的修饰语所修饰。因为用了“悬垂”修饰语，这种句子就缺少连贯性，也就让人难以理解了。

　　Faulty: The idea he mentioned at first sounded good.

　　Revised: The idea he first mentioned sounded good.

　　The idea he mentioned sounded good at first.

　　此句中的at first即可修饰mentioned，又可修饰sounded，这种摸棱两可的修饰应该避免。

　　好的句子II

　　3.简洁

　　句中不应有任何不必要的词。只要意思充分地表达了，用的词越少越好。用词过多只会使意思模糊，而不是更清晰。所以在写完一篇文章后，仔细检查一两遍，删去一些不必要的词。试比较：

　　Wordy: It was blue in color.

　　It was small in size.

　　Mary is a quiet and careful woman.

　　He returned in the early part of the month of August.

　　Concise: It was blue.

　　It was small.

　　Mary is quiet and careful.

　　He returned in the early August.

　　重复有时可加重语气，但不必要的重复，不管是重复相同的词或是重复相同意思的不同的词都应该避免。

　　Wordy: He gave many reasons for the failure, but the reasons he gave were not convincing.

　　Concise: He gave many reasons for the failure, but none of them were convincing.

　　有时为了简洁起见，需要改变句子结构：

　　Wordy: There was a pine tree that stood like a giant on the top of the mountain. It towered over the trees around it.

　　Concise: The pine tree on the top of the mountain stood like a giant and towered over the trees around it.

　　The giant pine tree on the top of the mountain towered over the trees around it.

　　以上例子证明有时从句可以压缩为短语，短语可以压缩为单词而不改变原来的意思。也证明两个句子有时可以合并，把表达次要意思的句子改为分词短语、定语从句或别的形式。

　　英语写作：好的句子2