高考英语语法：连系动词的两点注意

高考英语语法：连系动词的两点注意

　　一、关于连系动词后接副词作表语的问题
　　连系动词后通常可接形容词作表语，一般不接副词：
　　误：His English is very well. 他的英语很好。(可将well改为good)
　　误：Be carefully. 小心点。(应将carefully改为careful)
　　误：The soup tastes nicely. 这汤味道不错。(应将nicely改为nice)
　　但是，有时连系动词后也可接副词作表语，不过这主要限于in, on, off, out, away, behind, up, down, over, through, around, round, below, inside, outside 等少数副词小品词以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词：
　　Mother wasn’t in last night. 母亲昨晚不在家。
　　The meeting was over at five. 会议五点结束。
　　Come along. The taxi is outside. 来吧，出租车在外面。
　　Mother is downstairs waiting for you. 母亲在楼下等你。
　　二、关于连系动词后接不定式的问题
　　(1) 连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：
　　My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。
　　All I could do was to wait. 我只能等。
　　My plan was to go from London to Paris. 我计划从伦敦去巴黎。
　　I was to have seen Mr Kay. 我本要去见凯先生的。
　　(2) seem, appear, prove, continue, turn out, get, grow, come 等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是to be)作表语：
　　She always seems to be sad. 她常常显得很忧伤。
　　My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证明是错的。
　　She appears to have many friends. 他好像有很多朋友。
　　The weather turned out to be fine. 天气结果很好。
　　Circumstances continue to be favorable. 情况仍然是有利的。
　　He has grown to like studying English. 他渐渐喜欢学英语了。
　　【注】若所接不定式为to be，通常可以省略。不过，若其后接的是表语形容词，则to be通常不宜省略。另外，连系动词look后能否接to be似乎尚有争论，不过，在现代英语中接to be的现象已较普遍。
　　(3) sound, smell, feel, taste, become等连系动词后通常不能接不定式：
　　误：These oranges taste to be good. (应去掉to be)
　　误：The roses smell nice. (应去掉to be)
　　(4) 有的连系动词后接的从句可用不定式来改写：
　　It seems that that she’s right. / She seems to be right. 她似乎是对的。
　　It appears that you have made a mistake. / You appear to have made a mistake. 似乎你弄错了。