成语典故：齐桓公使管仲治国

齐桓公使管仲治国

　　齐桓公使管仲治国，管仲对曰：“贱不能临贵。”桓公以为上卿，而国不治。桓公曰：“何故？”管仲对曰：“贫不能使富。”桓公赐之齐国市租一年，而国不治。

　　桓公曰：“何故？”对曰：“疏不能制亲。”桓公立以为仲父，齐国大安，而遂霸天下。孔子曰：“管仲之贤，不得此三权者，亦不能使其君南面而霸矣。”

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　　白话翻译

　　齐桓公命令管仲管理国政，管仲回答说：“地位低的人不能统治地位高的人。”桓公任命管仲作上卿，可是齐国还不太平。桓公说：“国家因为什么缘故还不太平呢？”管仲回答说：“贫穷的人不能差遣富有的人。”桓公赐给他齐国一年的货物税，可是齐国还不太平。

　　桓公说：“国家因为什么缘故还不太平呢？”管仲回答说：“跟君主关系疏远的人不能控制跟君主关系亲近的人。”桓公升他到极高的地位，尊称他为仲父，齐国就变得国家太平，人民安乐，终于成了全天下诸候的领袖。孔子说：“冯管仲那么有才干，若是他得不到这三种权柄啊，那么也就不能使他的君主面对著南方成为诸候的领袖啦。”

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　　DUKE HUAN OF QI ORDERS GUAN ZHONG TO ADMINSTER THE AFFAIRS OF STATE

　　Duke Huan of Qi ordered Guan Zhong to administer the affairs of state. Guan Zhong responded， saying：“ Those of inferior status cannot rule over those of superior status.” Duke Huan appointed Guan Zhong the chief minister， and yet the state of Qi was not peaceful and orderly. Duke Huan said：“ Why is the state not yet peaceful and orderly？” Guan Zhong responded， saying：“ The poor cannot order about the rich.” Duke Huan bestowed on him the revenues from the commodity tax of Qi for one year， yet the state was not peaceful and orderly.

　　Duke Huan said：“ Why is the state not peaceful and orderly？” Guan Zhong responded， saying：“ A person distant from the ruler cannot control those who are close to the ruler.” Duke Huan raised him to a most high position， and honored him by calling him Uncle Zhong. Thereupon the state of Qi became very peaceful and prosperous， and in the end gained hegemony over all the world. Confucius said： “Even a person of Guan Zhong's ability， had he not obtained these three kinds of power， would not have been able to have his ruler face the south and acclaimed the overlord of the feudal princes.”