条标及其英译(二),第1张

条标及其英译(二),第2张

二曰条标内涵<条文内涵,如:

  2.第十三条(监督检查制度)

  县、区人民政府应当组织土地管理部门和农业行政管理部门以及其他有关部门对基本农田保护情况定期进行检查,并将检查情况报送市房地局和市农委。

  市房地局和市农委应当加强对县、区基本农田保护工作的监督和指导。

  Article 13 (Supervision and Inspection System)

  The county(district)people's governments shall organize the land administration departments, agricultural administration departments, and other departments to make regular inspections of the protection of basic farmland and report the results to the Housing and Land Bureau and the Agricultural Commission.

  The Housing and Land Bureau and the Agricultural Commission shall strengthen their supervision and guidance over the county's(district's)protection work of basic farmland protection.

  -Ibid., pp.188/192

  3.第一条(目的)

  为了建立和完善本市事业单位登记管理制度,根据国家有关规定,结合本市实际情况,制定本办法。

  Article I(Purpose)

  The present Procedures are formulated in accordance with the relevant stipulations of the State and the actual conditions of Shanghai with a view to establishing and improving the administration of the registration of the institution in this Municipality.

  =Ibid., pp.112/115

  4.第一条(目的)

  为了保护本市城乡居民的基本生活,帮助个人或者家庭克服生活困难,维护社会稳定,促进社会进步,根据本市实际情况,制定本办法。

  Article 1(Purpose)

  The present Procedures are formulated in the light of the actual conditions of this Municipality with a view to ensuring the basic needs of life of the urban and rural residents in this Municipality, helping individual persons or families in overcoming the difficulties in their living, maintaining social stability and promoting social progress.

  -Ibid., pp.157/160

  以上立法者毛手毛脚地马虎从事:例1中法律的条文本文中只有立法依据——“根据……,结合……”——而根本没有什么立法目的;但在上例条标中却无中生有,冒出了条文中所没有的“目的”,使条标内涵疯长一倍,变成“目的和依据”了。英译者呢,又在立法者毛手毛脚、马马虎虎的 “基础”上再毛手毛脚、马马虎虎,连汉语条文的本文也不屑一顾,单看汉语错误条标中“目的和依据”五字就机械自动化地误译成“Purpose and Basis”了事。

  例2至例4的性质也是一样,只是方向正好相反——例1是条标大于条文,例2-3则是条标小于条文:原文的内涵比条标多了。如例2条文本身是“督导检查”而条标却只反映了条文内涵的三分之二——“监督、检查制度”;例3与例4,则条标(目的)只反映了条文(“目的和依据”)的前一半而丢了后一半。译者不察,就跟着立法者错误的条标,堂而皇之地跟着译错。

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