2008年大学英语六级考试：阅读题型之逻辑关系题

三、逻辑关系题 　　这种题型的主要命题方式有：
　　From the passage we know that______． 　　The first sentence in the passage tells us that________．
　　1．句子之间的逻辑关系题。正确勾画出信号词对这种题非常有用。只要找到信号词，就可以把握句子之间到底是因果关系还是转折关系。但在更多情况下，逻辑关系并没有明显的标志词，这时一定要小心分析句子之间存在的隐形的逻辑关系。 　　2．文章各段之间的关系。文章各段落之间的逻辑关系通常都体现在段落的开头和结尾。找到前一段的最后一句与后一段的第一句之间的关系便成为解题的关键。一般段落之间的关系有时间先后顺序、平行列举关系、对比结构关系、因果关系等。因为为了使文章的结构严密，作者通常会使用一些表示次序、递进、转折等的过渡词，勾画出这些标志词可以方便理解段落之间的关系。
　　例如：
　　Shakespeare said that" some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them. "So it is with leadership. Some men are born with capacity for leadership. Some acquire that art by watching and studying the actions of those around them. Other persons find themselves thrown into unusual situations which require them to draw on resources they never realized they had, and events bring out marked leadership. Most of us are never put to such tests. Most of us are not born leaders.
　　Q: At the beginning of the passage, Shakespeare's words are quoted
　　A)to make readers appreciate the writer's style
　　B)to show the writer's appreciation of Shakespeare's ideas
　　C) to stress the importance of good leadership 　　D)to help describe different kinds of leaders
　　“so it is”意思是“也一样”，看出这里是类比关系，表明莎士比亚的话同样适用对领导才能的描述。莎翁提到3种不同的人，那么领导人也有至少3种类型，由此可知，作者引述这句话的目的在于描绘不同类型的领导，故正确选项是D)。