Nature:微生物捕食者形成新的真核生物超类群
Microbial predators form a new supergroup of eukaryotes
作者:Tikhonenkov, Denis V., Mikhailov, Kirill V., Gawryluk, Ryan M. R., Belyaev, Artem O., Mathur, Varsha, Karpov, Sergey A., Zagumyonnyi, Dmitry G., Borodina, Anastasia S., Prokina, Kristina I., Mylnikov, Alexander P., Aleoshin, Vladimir V., Keeling, Patrick J.
Nature:2022/12/07
Molecular phylogenetics of microbial eukaryotes has reshaped the tree of life by establishing broad taxonomic divisions, termed supergroups, that supersede the traditional kingdoms of animals, fungi and plants, and encompass a much greater breadth of eukaryotic diversity1. The vast majority of newly discovered species fall into a small number of known supergroups. Recently, however, a handful of species with no clear relationship to other supergroups have been described2,3,4, raising questions about the nature and degree of undiscovered diversity, and exposing the limitations of strictly molecular-based exploration. Here we report ten previously undescribed strains of microbial predators isolated through culture that collectively form a diverse new supergroup of eukaryotes, termed Provora. The Provora supergroup is genetically, morphologically and behaviourally distinct from other eukaryotes, and comprises two divergent clades of predators—Nebulidia and Nibbleridia—that are superficially similar to each other, but differ fundamentally in ultrastructure, behaviour and gene content. These predators are globally distributed in marine and freshwater environments, but are numerically rare and have consequently been overlooked by molecular-diversity surveys. In the age of high-throughput analyses, investigation of eukaryotic diversity through culture remains indispensable for the discovery of rare but ecologically and evolutionarily important eukaryotes.
微型真核生物的分子系统发育学建立了广泛的分类形式——超类群,因而重塑了生命树。本研究报告十种先前未曾描述过的微生物捕食者菌株,统一形成一类全新的真核生物超类群:Provora。该超类群从遗传学、形态学和行为方面都不同于其他真核生物,包含两个不同的捕食者进化枝:Nebulidia和Nibbleridia。该结果表明通过培养手段调查真核生物多样性可作为必要手段以发现罕见但生态与演化方面具有重要意义的真核生物。
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