非谓语动词（13）

Question：老师，关于有些动词-ing形式和-ed形式我还有很多困惑。

Answer：我们今天继续学习非谓语动词（13）-ed, -ing, with 结构做定语

非谓语动词（13）

-ed, -ing, with 结构做定语

Reading：

Long long ago, there lived in Hangzhou a girl called Agiao. She and her brother lived together with her father and their step mother. One winter morning, the step mother told Aqiao to go out and cut some grass for the sheep. The poor girl, with a basket on her back, searched all day from the riverside to the foot of the mountain. But she didn’t find any green grass. Then she noticed an old pine tree ahead at the entrance to a valley She pushed the branches aside. She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. She bent down immediately to cut the grass. She stood up to wipe the sweat off her face, when suddenly she saw a lady dressed all in white in front of her, smiling.

“Little girl, how nice to see you! Won’t you come and stay with us for a while?”

Aqiao looked around. To her surprise, she found herself in a different world. There were rows of white houses standing there with trees in front of them. The leaves on the tree were green and large. And there were many other ladies in white, singing and picking leaves from the trees.

Aqiao liked what she saw and decided to stay. There Aqiao learned to feed the little white worms called silkworms with those large green mulberry leaves and also learn to reel the shining silk from the snow-white cocoons formed by the little worms.

Time passed quickly. One day Aqiao thought of her brother. Without telling the lady in white, she hurried back home with some silkworm eggs and a bag of mulberry seeds on her shuolder. On the way home she dropped the mulberry seed along the road.
    When she came back together with her brother, she couldn’t find the entrance to the valley any more, but the road was lined with mulberry trees. So she began to raise silkworms.

I．-ing 短语

1 动词–ing 短语表示某人正在做什么,这些短语与关系从句相似.

And there were many other ladies in white, singing and picking leaves from the trees.

(=who were singing and picking leaves)

2.注意–ing做定语的不同意义：

…also learn to reel the shining silk from the snow-white cocoons formed by the little worms.

（=the silk which was shining.）

a writing table (=a table for writing)

a waiting bus (=a bus which is waiting)

a waiting room(= a room for waiting.)

3.动词-ing形式常与 There is/are/was/were句式连用。

There were rows of white houses standing there with trees in front of them.

4 注意:发生在过去的完整的动作必须用关系从句表达。

Anyone who saw the accident (不是 Anyone seeing the accident)

小练习1  用动词 –ing形式造句：

例： Travellers have been told they can’t get into the city. They’re arriving at Orlando Airport.

-- Travellers  arriving at Orlando Airport have been told they can’t get into the city.

1 This morning the road was blocked by floodwater. The road connects Orlando to the coast.

2 A woman had to abandon her car and walk home. She was taking her children to school.

3 A train fell into the river below when a bridge collapsed. It was carrying 73 passengers.

4 A car was swept into the river. It belonged to a mayor of Orlando.

II．过去分词短语

1 过去分词短语带有被动意义。

…when suddenly she saw a lady dressed all in white in front of her, smiling.

(=who was dressed all in white)

There Aqiao learned to feed the little white worms called silkworms with those large green mulberry leaves.

(= that were called silkworms)

2过去分词短语常接在There is/are/was/were 句式的后面。

Long long ago, there lived in Hangzhou a girl called Aqiao. (=who was called Aqiao.)

小练习II. 用过去分词造句：

例： Four fishermen are still missing.      They’ve been lost for 12 hours off the coast of Scotland.

--Four fishermen lost for 12 hours off the coast of Scotland are still missing

1 A life-raft was empty. It was found at the scene.

2 A helicopter is still searching the area. It was called from Lossiemouth.

3 Last week another Scotland fishing boat sank in the same area. It was hit by a submarine.

4 There have been three fishing boats. They’ve been hit by submarine this year.

III. With 结构用来描述人和事。

1 With 结构的构成：

With+ 名词+ 介词短语：She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.

又如： He climbed onto the hill with a gun in his hand.

=He climbed onto the hill, a gun in his hand.(也被称为独立主格结构)

=He climbed onto the hill, gun in hand)

With+ 名词+ 分词短语：He stood there with his right hand raised.

（=He stood there, his right hand raised.）

With+ 名词+ 形容词，副词或名词：

He left the room with the door open.

The boy came into the room with his face red.

He pulled on his socks with wrong sides out.

2.名词+ With 结构描写人的身体特征或某事所具有的特征。

She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. (限定性)

(=that had red flowers and green grass on both sides.)

There were rows of white houses standing there with trees in front of them.

The poor girl, with a basket on her back, searched all day from the riverside to the foot of the mountain. （非限定性，用逗号割开）

(=who was carrying a basket on her back.)

3. With 或without结构可以做状语：

She hurried back home with some silkworm eggs and a bag of mulberry seeds on her shoulder.

Withouttelling the lady in white, she hurried back home with some silkworm eggs and a bag of mulberry seeds.

小练习III. 用with 结构造句：

1 A man attacked Mrs Hyde. He had short dark hair.

2 Later the police found an empty handbag. It had blood on it.

3 A boy was walking past the bank at the time of the attack. He had a dog.

上期答案：

1 to copy      2 hitting        

3 seeing        4 to remember             

5 not being