非谓语动词考点透视与真题点击

非谓语动词包括不定式。动名词和分词。它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容，既是高考的亮点又是高考的热点。1995——2006年全国高考一共有23个（含全国卷1--3）。预测今年仍是高考考点。
【高考考点透视】
1．三种非谓语动词的构成、形式和语法功能及用法对比。
2．非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。
3．非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。
4．不定式与动名词，动名词与现在分词，现在分词与过去分词，分词作壮语与独立结构等用法对比。
5．不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别是这一语法项目考查的热点。
6．过去分词作定语，不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。
7．不定式标志to和介词to的用法判断等。
8．带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区别。
在实际运用中,非谓语动词有一些比较细的规则和特殊用法.如果运用以下口诀,联想学习中的一些,答案时思路就会清晰的多。
一、看句中作何用,形式时态慎选择
例: European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most famous popular sport in the world .(NMET98)
此题答案为A.making 是现在分词,在句中作壮语,与主语European football 是主动关系, D 项是不定式的主动形式,可作目的壮语,但目的壮语前不用句号,B、C项均属语法错误.
二、看动词作搭配,约定俗成是规则
例: (1) While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _______ into buying something they don’t really need (上海96)
A to persuade B persuading C being persuaded D be persuaded
can’t help 是 “抑制不住,情不自禁”的意思,其后要接 doing 或 being done 的形式,属固定搭配,故排除 A 、D两项,从句意来看,是人们“被说服”,故答案为C。
(2) I can’t stand _______ with Jane in the same office, she just refuses ______ talking while she works.(北京2006)
A working stopping B to work stopping
C working to stop D to work to stop
can’t stand 后接 Ving 形式,表示难以忍受,refuse后用to do,表示拒绝做某事。故答案为C。
三、看句型与句意,特殊用法要记牢
例: 1 How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden ? (MET93)
A to take B take C taking D to be taking
how / what about ＋doing (n/pron) 是固定句型,答案是C ,该句中的the two of us 是动名词taking 的逻辑主语,the two of us taking 一起构成动名词的复合结构,在句中作介词about 的宾语.
2 The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. (NMET2002全国卷)
A begins B having begun C beginning D begun
解析: 非谓语动词的用法,new events 与add“增加”该句中的once begun 是once it is begun 的省略句,意为一旦开始,所以答案为D.
3 ---How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers ?
---The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers?(NMET 2002 北京卷)
A to solving, making B to solving, made
C to solve, making D to solve, made
该题中的the key to sth./doing sth.意为“…的关键,… 的答案”, to 为介词,其后要跟名词和动名词,第二空有短语by the customers,很明显要选过去分词made,所以正确答案为B, 该句的意思是“解决这个难题的关键是满足顾客所提出的要求。”

【高考真题点击】
1．Paul doesn’t have to be made__B__.He always works hard.(MET91)
A.learn B. to learn C.learned D.learning
[点击]感官动词see,watch,feel,hear,notice,observe,listen to,look at和使役动词let,make,have等后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,如变为被动句，不定式前要加to。
2.The chair looks rather hard,but in fact,it is very comforable to_B___.(MET’88)
A. sit B. sit on C.be sat D.be sat on
[点击]sit on与chair有逻辑关系上的动宾关系，sit是不及物动词，故需要加介词on.注意：heavy, pleasant, comfortable等一些作表语的形容词后用不定式的主动式表被动。
3. —You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
—Well.now I regret__ D__that.(NMET’95)
A.to do B.to be doing
C. to have done D.having done
[点击]remember,forget和regret三词后跟动名词，表示一个过去、完成的动作；后给不定式表示一个将来是动作。
4. Mother _C___ us stories when we were young.(MET88)
A was used to tell B is used to telling
C used to tell D used to telling
[点击] 由when we were young 这一信息句判断，应用used to 表示过去常常。A 项意为“被用来去做…，B项意为现在习惯于做…。D项有语法错误。
5．We agreed _C___ here but so far she hasn’t truned up yet .(NMET95)
A having met B meeting C to meet D to have met
[点击] 由 pretend , agree , want , wish , hope , expect , decide , promise , manage, refuse 等动词后接不定式作宾语。如是不定式，应将not 放在to不定式之前。
6. The first textbooks _D___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16 th century .(NMET94)
A having written B to be written
C being written D written
[点击] 此题是考查过去分词作定语的用法。过去分词作定语表示一个已经被完成的动作。
7. Tom kept silent about the accident __ B__ lose his job .(MET90)
A so not as to B so as not to
C so as to not D not so as to
[点击] so as to 相当于 in order to ，否定词 not 应放在不定式 to 之前。但 so as to 不可置于句首引导目的壮语。